Effects of different degrees of acidity and concentration of bleaching agents on human enamel mineral content and surface morphology over time

Authors

  • Alessandra Pereira Andrade Restorative Dentistry – School of Dentistry - University São Francisco – Bragança Paulista – SP – Brazil.
  • Angela Mayumi Shimaoka Department Restorative Dentistry – School of Dentistry – University of São Paulo – USP – São Paulo – SP – Brazil.
  • Marcio Vivan Cardoso Clinical Residents Dentistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven –– Leuven – Belgium.
  • Rubens Côrte Real Carvalho Department Restorative Dentistry – School of Dentistry – University of São Paulo – USP – São Paulo – SP – Brazil.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1493

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pH and concentration of bleaching agents on the mineral content and surface morphology of human dental enamel for 14 days. Material and Methods: Eighty human central incisors were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): G1-7.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=9.0; G2–9.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=9.0; G3-7.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=7.0; G4-9.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=7.0; G5-10% carbamide peroxide/pH=5.0; G6-16% carbamide peroxide/pH=5.0; G7-37% phosphoric acid 15s (positive control); G8-no treatment (negative control). The mineral analysis of the bleaching gel collected was assessed by ICP-AES and surface morphology was observed by SEM. Results: Friedman and Dunn’s statistical test demonstrated significant differences among the proposed treatments (p<0.01). No significant difference was found among groups treated with hydrogen peroxide (G1, G2, G3, and G4) or among groups G5, G6 and G7 (p>0.01). However, the latter groups showed significantly higher values as compared to groups G1, G2, G3 and G4 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Alteration in enamel mineral content may not be influenced by concentration when bleaching agents with the same pH are compared. The most apparent alterations in mineral content and surface morphology may be noted when more acidic products are used. The daily mineral content measurement may not be influenced by repeated applications of bleaching agents.

 

Keywords

Dental bleaching; Mineral content; Enamel; Peroxide; Demineralization; pH.

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Published

2018-03-28

Issue

Section

Clinical or Laboratorial Research