Effect of angulation of 3D printed resin provisional bridges: an in vitro study on hardness and fracture loading

Authors

  • Laís Maria de Barros Batista Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6810-6518
  • Yan Victor Silva de Santana Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4857-0232
  • Maria Terêza Lopes de Moura Borba Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4857-0232
  • Tayná Karla Arruda e Silva Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-5815
  • Clarisse Maria Luiz Silva Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0624-7285
  • Antonio José Torres Neto Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
  • Larissa Araújo Lopes Barreto Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3162-8485
  • Viviane Maria Gonçalves de Figueiredo Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Prótese e Cirurgia Oral e Facial, Recife, PE, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-0984

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4322/bds.2025.e4581

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the effect of printing angle of three-dimensional (3D) printed resin temporary bridges, through an in vitro study on hardness and fracture loading. Material and Methods: Specimens fixed bridges with three elements (N=5) and block specimens (N=1), were distributed among the experimental groups based on different printing angles: 0°, 45°, and 90°. Surface analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was conducted on one specimen from each experimental group. Hardness testing was then performed, with the specimens receiving five measurements on a Vickers microhardness tester and for fracture loading testing, force was applied using a piston attached to a testing machine. Finally, the bridge specimens were evaluated for fracture. Fracture loading and hardness data were subjected to a Anova 1 Factor statistical test (p<0.05), while the findings from surface analysis and fractures were analyzed qualitatively. Results: On the surfaces of the specimens, printing layers were mainly observed in the 90° group for block-type specimens. For hardness analysis, the 3D printing angle showed statistical significance between groups (P=0.000), while no significant difference was found for fracture loading (P=0.177). Finally, there was a prevalence of all failures for the 0° and 90° groups and retainer fracture for the 45° group. Conclusion: Different angles of provisional bridges manufactured by 3D printed resin affect hardness, but do not interfere with fracture loading.

KEYWORDS

Angulation; Dental prosthesis; Digital technology; Provisional bridges; Three-dimensional printing.

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Published

2025-05-23

How to Cite

1.
Batista LM de B, Santana YVS de, Borba MTL de M, Silva TKA e, Silva CML, Torres Neto AJ, et al. Effect of angulation of 3D printed resin provisional bridges: an in vitro study on hardness and fracture loading. BDS [Internet]. 2025 May 23 [cited 2025 Aug. 21];28(1). Available from: https://ojs.ict.unesp.br/index.php/cob/article/view/4581

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 1 (2025): Jan - Mar / 2025 - Published Jan 2025

Section

Clinical or Laboratorial Research

License

Brazilian Dental Science uses the Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license, thus preserving the integrity of articles in an open access environment. The journal allows the author to retain publishing rights without restrictions.

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